高壓配電(dian)(dian)的(de)安全(quan)(quan)性直接影響到了配電(dian)(dian)網的(de)安全(quan)(quan)，嚴(yan)重的(de)甚(shen)至(zhi)危害(hai)人民的(de)生命財產安全(quan)(quan)。因此，分析配電(dian)(dian)線路中防雷存在的(de)問題，并找到解決的(de)措施，對于人們的(de)安全(quan)(quan)用電(dian)(dian)是非常(chang)有意義的(de)。 ;

    一、高(gao)壓配電線路防(fang)雷分析(xi) 

    高壓配電線路(lu)受雷電壓的(de)影響分析 

    直(zhi)擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)和感應雷(lei)(lei)是(shi)對(dui)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)造(zao)成影響(xiang)的(de)主要形式。高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)絕緣水(shui)平不(bu)(bu)高(gao)(gao)，具有(you)(you)復雜的(de)網架結構，同時配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)缺乏耦合(he)地線(xian)(xian)(xian)，線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)避雷(lei)(lei)器(qi)，避雷(lei)(lei)線(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)游戲保護(hu)措施，造(zao)成了(le)無法防護(hu)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)遭(zao)受(shou)直(zhi)擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)，直(zhi)擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)直(zhi)接擊(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)，通(tong)常(chang)電(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)流比較高(gao)(gao)，破壞性(xing)非常(chang)大，遭(zao)受(shou)直(zhi)擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)跳閘率高(gao)(gao)達 100％，不(bu)(bu)過配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)發生直(zhi)擊(ji)(ji)雷(lei)(lei)事故比較低，據有(you)(you)關(guan)數據顯(xian)示(shi)，高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)90％ 以上(shang)(shang)的(de)遭(zao)受(shou)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)過電(dian)壓(ya)的(de)是(shi)感應過電(dian)壓(ya)。事實上(shang)(shang)，高(gao)(gao)壓(ya) 配(pei)(pei)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)對(dui)防雷(lei)(lei)保護(hu)的(de)重點是(shi)防護(hu)感應雷(lei)(lei)過電(dian)壓(ya)。 

    1、高壓配電(dian)線路配電(dian)變壓器(qi)防雷分析 

    配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中產生的(de)(de)(de)南高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)端(duan)進(jin)波(bo)引起，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁感應到高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)繞(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)被稱(cheng)為(wei)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)端(duan)進(jin)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)波(bo)長，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流大小，變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)(bian)比(bi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)等都影響逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)換(huan)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，通(tong)常(chang)逆(ni)變(bian)(bian)換(huan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)超過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕緣耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)值，使得(de)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中性點(dian)絕緣被擊穿。因此(ci)，通(tong)常(chang)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)一側安裝(zhuang)氧化(hua)鋅避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進(jin)行保(bao)護(hu)。避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)靠近變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)位置，變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)金屬外殼，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側的(de)(de)(de)中性點(dian)以(yi)(yi)及避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地線(xian)(xian)同時接(jie)(jie)(jie)地。根據標(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)定，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)根據配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容量(liang)而(er)定，低(di)于100KVA 容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小于 10n；超過(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)100KVA 容量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)小于4n。避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)安裝(zhuang)基于保(bao)護(hu)出線(xian)(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)表(biao)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)，則(ze)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)各線(xian)(xian)路的(de)(de)(de)出線(xian)(xian)前端(duan)；如果需要保(bao)護(hu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，則(ze)安裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)總(zong)熔斷(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前端(duan)。由于目前配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)都具有低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，而(er)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)線(xian)(xian)不(bu)能(neng)重(zhong)復(fu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)地，所以(yi)(yi)，配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)需要安裝(zhuang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)前面(mian)。 

    2、高壓配電(dian)線路電(dian)纜分支箱(xiang)，環(huan)網(wang)柜(ju)防雷(lei)分析(xi) 

　　配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)之間(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力和(he)其他設(she)備之間(jian)進行連接的(de)(de)中間(jian)部件就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)(xiang)，具(ju)有(you)(you)全(quan)封閉、耐腐蝕、絕緣性(xing)能好(hao)、連接方式(shi)靈活(huo)、方便、安(an)全(quan)性(xing)能高(gao)等(deng)特征，得(de)到了(le)越來越多(duo)的(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)；在鋼板金屬柜(ju)中放(fang)置一(yi)組(zu)高(gao)壓開關設(she)備組(zu)成了(le)環(huan)網(wang)柜(ju)，具(ju)有(you)(you)體積小、價格低廉(lian)、供電(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)全(quan)等(deng)優點。高(gao)壓 配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)(xiang)，環(huan)網(wang)柜(ju)等(deng)如果沒有(you)(you)防(fang)雷(lei)設(she)施，那(nei)么一(yi)旦在高(gao)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中巡(xun)受(shou)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，那(nei)么隨著架空線(xian)(xian)路，雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)波就(jiu)侵入電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)線(xian)(xian)路，不管(guan)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)(xiang)還是環(huan)網(wang)柜(ju)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)頭(tou)都是電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)線(xian)(xian)路容(rong)易被擊穿的(de)(de)地(di)方，電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)頭(tou)一(yi)旦被絕緣擊穿，就(jiu)會(hui)成為永(yong)久(jiu)性(xing)的(de)(de)故障，因此，在高(gao)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路中進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)分(fen)支(zhi)(zhi)箱(xiang)(xiang)和(he)環(huan)網(wang)柜(ju)的(de)(de)防(fang)雷(lei)是非常重要的(de)(de)。 

    二、高壓配電(dian)線(xian)路防雷措施 

    1、提(ti)高(gao)高(gao)壓配電線路絕緣水平 

    和直擊(ji)雷(lei)(lei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)幅值(zhi)相(xiang)比(bi)，感應(ying)雷(lei)(lei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)幅值(zhi)較(jiao)小，但是(shi)由于雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)以及放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)形式(shi)影(ying)(ying)響了感應(ying)雷(lei)(lei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，因(yin)此，其幅值(zhi)變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)范圍較(jiao)大。如果雷(lei)(lei)云(yun)(yun)的(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)距離與高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)較(jiao)近，并且有云(yun)(yun)對(dui)地(di)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)發生時(shi)，感應(ying)雷(lei)(lei)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)幅值(zhi)就比(bi)較(jiao)大，這樣容易影(ying)(ying)響到(dao)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya) 配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)，從而發生絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)擊(ji)穿(chuan)現象；架空線(xian)路(lu)主要受到(dao)感應(ying)雷(lei)(lei)過(guo)(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響，目前配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中廣泛(fan)采用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)線(xian)路(lu)，能(neng)夠一定(ding)程度上使得配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)水平(ping)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。然而，對(dui)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)來說，由于架空導(dao)線(xian)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)主要解決的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)豎相(xiang)問題，因(yin)此，不能(neng)根本上解決配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)危害。通常通過(guo)(guo)(guo)使用(yong)(yong)沖擊(ji)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)比(bi)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)子，從而使得配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)(jue)緣(yuan)水平(ping)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，最終使得配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)雷(lei)(lei)能(neng)力得到(dao)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)。 

    2、 加強對架(jia)空絕緣導線雷擊斷線的防護 

    （1）可以提(ti)高(gao)配電(dian)(dian)線路(lu)局部(bu)的(de)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)水平。基于線路(lu)造價的(de)考慮(lv)，利(li)用架空絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)導線使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)局部(bu)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)得(de)(de)到強化，這樣(yang)放電(dian)(dian)僅僅從絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)加強邊緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)或者占穿(chuan)絕緣(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)皮反擊穿(chuan)導線，從而(er)使(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)線路(lu)的(de)沖擊放電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)壓得(de)(de)到提(ti)高(gao)。 

    （2）對配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)安裝避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，進(jin)行(xing)防雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)。高(gao)壓配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)借(jie)鑒輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)采(cai)用避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)能(neng)夠有效防雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)，在配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)安裝避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，從而(er)能(neng)夠有效保護架空絕緣線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。由于長期承受(shou)(shou)工頻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樂，并且間歇(xie)承受(shou)(shou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓以及工頻續流的(de)影響(xiang)，因(yin)此(ci)無間隙避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)非(fei)常容(rong)易發生(sheng)老化(hua)(hua)現(xian)象，從而(er)容(rong)易出現(xian)故障(zhang)，使得(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)安全(quan)受(shou)(shou)到影響(xiang)。基于此(ci)，高(gao)壓配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)，選(xuan)擇氧化(hua)(hua)鋅避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，并且選(xuan)擇配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)容(rong)易遭受(shou)(shou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊的(de)位置進(jin)行(xing)安裝，同時，在容(rong)易遭受(shou)(shou)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)擊的(de)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓器(qi)等設備處安裝氧化(hua)(hua)鋅避(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，全(quan)面(mian)保護配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)。 

    （3）為預防(fang)絕(jue)(jue)緣導線絕(jue)(jue)緣層擊穿(chuan)，采(cai)用絕(jue)(jue)緣子兩端并聯放(fang)電(dian)間隙的方(fang)式。將(jiang)間隙放(fang)電(dian)電(dian)壓調整到不小于絕(jue)(jue)緣子的沖擊電(dian)壓，那么配電(dian)線路的雷電(dian)放(fang)電(dian)就(jiu)會(hui)發生在保護(hu)間隙，這樣就(jiu)有(you)效解決了絕(jue)(jue)緣導線遭受雷擊斷(duan)線現(xian)象。 

    （4）高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路中(zhong)，對配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)保護(hu)需要在(zai)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)安(an)(an)裝低(di)壓(ya)(ya)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，同時保證高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)側(ce)中(zhong)性(xing)點，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)外殼(ke)同時接地，實(shi)現四點共地。基于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)運行安(an)(an)全穩定的(de)(de)考慮(lv)，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)中(zhong)，安(an)(an)裝了一(yi)定數(shu)量的(de)(de)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)和(he)刀閘，對這些設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)不(bu)到位(wei)，非(fei)常(chang)容易在(zai)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)害(hai)事故發(fa)生時，造成(cheng)對開(kai)關(guan)(guan)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)損(sun)害(hai)，因此，配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)線路防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)保護(hu)中(zhong)，開(kai)關(guan)(guan)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)是(shi)十分(fen)重要的(de)(de)有機(ji)組成(cheng)部分(fen)，為了防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)止高(gao)壓(ya)(ya) 配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路中(zhong)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)存在(zai)缺陷(xian)，必須(xu)通(tong)過(guo)在(zai)開(kai)關(guan)(guan)，刀閘兩側(ce)都安(an)(an)裝避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)的(de)(de)方式，對其進行防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)保護(hu)。高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路中(zhong)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜分(fen)支箱以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)環網(wang)(wang)柜是(shi)應用越來越多(duo)的(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)，對其防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)也尤為重要。通(tong)常(chang)采用在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路的(de)(de)每個單元增加避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)或者(zhe)有選擇的(de)(de)在(zai)環網(wang)(wang)單元安(an)(an)裝避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)。為了實(shi)現防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)效果，具有防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆脫離功能(neng)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)免維護(hu)氧化鋅(xin)避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)效果良好。由于具有體積小(xiao)，方便安(an)(an)裝，質量小(xiao)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水，防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)爆，密(mi)閉(bi)性(xing)能(neng)強等優點，在(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路中(zhong)，通(tong)常(chang)選擇型號為 HY5WS-12.7/50 避(bi)(bi)雷(lei)(lei)(lei)器(qi)。 

    三、結束語 

    高壓(ya)配(pei)電(dian)線(xian)路是我國(guo)目前(qian)供電(dian)企(qi)業的重(zhong)要組(zu)成(cheng)部(bu)分，擔負(fu)城市(shi)、農村供電(dian)的重(zhong)要任務。高壓(ya)配(pei)電(dian)線(xian)路具(ju)有線(xian)路長、負(fu)荷分散(san)、設(she)備數(shu)量多、運行維(wei)護(hu)(hu)條件差、保護(hu)(hu)措施少等特(te)點，容易發生雷害事故，不(bu)僅嚴重(zhong)威(wei)脅供電(dian)安(an)全(quan)，發生故障(zhang)后(hou)，還會給企(qi)業造成(cheng)重(zhong)大經濟損失。 

    對高壓配(pei)電(dian)線(xian)路進行(xing)防雷(lei)分析，并加強對架空絕緣導線(xian)雷(lei)擊斷線(xian)的(de)防護(hu)，提高了(le)配(pei)電(dian)線(xian)路的(de)防雷(lei)功效，維護(hu)了(le)廣大城鄉居民的(de)正常生產、生活用電(dian)。